The Parisian club has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired two times late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.